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Peter J. Koehler
Some time ago, I wrote about brain stones, intracranial calcifications that have been found at autopsies for many centuries. In this context, the pineal gland was in the spotlight after the French philosopher René Descartes (1596-1650) wrote down his ideas about the physical part of the soul supposedly localized in this structure.
In the subsequent 150 years, there were lively discussions between physicians, who were proponents and opponents of this idea.
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By Dr. Aida Suárez-González, Prof. Morris Freedman, Prof. Manabu Ikeda, Dr. Yutaka Tanaka, Prof. Masaru Mimura, and Prof. Suvarna Alladi.
The attendants for the 2024 biennial meeting of the WFN Aphasia, Dementia, and Cognitive Disorders Specialty Group (ADCD SG) arrived in Nara, Japan, about the same time as the sakura (Japanese cherry trees) reached full bloom. This served as a timely metaphor to usher in the four vibrant days of all things cognitive neurology that followed, elegantly wrapped in the most exquisite Japanese hospitality.
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Katz J, Jenkins L, Saperstein D.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 2024 Dec 17.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) approval of efgartigimod, an FcRn antagonist, for the treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) was based on the positive results of the ADHERE trial, which demonstrated that efgartigimod significantly outperformed placebo in a double-blind withdrawal study. However, a recent case series by Levine and Muley reports a concerning adverse outcome not highlighted in the trial.
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Levine T, Muley S.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 2024 Nov 17:123313.
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune mediated demyelinating neuropathy that can lead to secondary axonal degeneration and irreversible weakness and disability. Early effective treatment is therefore necessary to minimize the degree of axonal degeneration. Prior to 2024 the only FDA approved therapy for CIDP was intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). In 2024, efgartigimod (Vyvgart-Hytrulo), a FCRn inhibiting therapy (FIT) was approved for treatment of CIDP based on the phase II Adhere study.
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Karam C.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 2024 Dec 16.
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a syndrome that comprises a heterogeneous group of rare, acquired, autoimmune, demyelinating polyneuropathies. The pathophysiology of CIDP, while not very well elucidated, involves both humoral (antibodies, complement) and cellular (autoreactive T cells) immune factors, with macrophage-induced demyelination.
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OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL
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Crivelli L, Winkler A, Keller G, Beretta S, Calandri I, De Groote W, Fornari A, Frontera J, Kivipelto M, Lopez-Rocha AS, Mangialasche F.
eNeurologicalSci. 2024 Nov 21:100539
This systematic review analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on dementia patients' functional, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and health related outcomes. It hypothesizes that dementia patients infected with SARS-CoV-2experience more pronounced deterioration compared to those who are uninfected.
Among 198 studies reviewed, only three met the criteria. Chen et al. (2023) identified higher mortality in SARS-CoV-2-infected dementia patients, while Merla et al. (2023) observed faster cognitive decline in infected individuals with increased hospital admissions. Additionally, Cascini et al. (2022) reported an increased risk of infection and significantly elevated mortality in dementia patients, highlighting comorbidities and antipsychotic medication use as key risk factors.
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Rocca WA.
eNeurologicalSci. 2024 Dec 3:100544.
The practice of modern neurology is based on research evidence. Research evidence is constructed by teams of investigators throughout the world, from Tokyo to Buenos Aires, from Sidney to Vancouver, from New York to Rome. These investigators use research methods and tools to design and conduct their studies. Neuroepidemiology is the science used to conduct clinical studies and population studies and to construct medical research evidence. Thus, neuroepidemiology is the architecture of medical research evidence. In particular, epidemiologic methods are used to describe the frequency and distribution of neurological diseases in human populations, to discover risk and protective factors, to study outcomes of diseases, and to measure the response to treatments.
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